This website explaine Who is Obaidullah Alvi? His education, carear, services and family background.

MY PERSONAL PROFILE

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mohammed Obaidullah Alvi is an authority on Kohsar History, language, literature, ethnography and anthropology. He is the author of Tehzib-o-Tmaddun-e-Kohsar (2 vol history books from 5000 BC to 2000 AD ) Allah na Saneha (Translation of Holly Quraan in Dhondi/Kareali/Potohari languages) and compiler of first Dhondi/Kareali/Potohari language. He is high qualified journalist and founder of two local newspapers Hill Post and Hill News largest circulated weeklies. Mohammed Obaidullah Alvi was born on 8th Nov, 1963 in Birote , Circle Bakote district Abbottabad. His father Mohammed Abdullah Alvi was an Islamic scholar from Deoband India. He metric from GHS Birote, FA from Inter college Bakote, graduation from Gordon College Rawalpindi and MA Journalism from Urdu Arts College Karachi. He is an Arabic and Urdu calligrapher and started his carrier from Daily Haider Rawalpindi in 1981 and after graduation he migrated Karachi and joined Daily Mashriq as sub-editor in 1985. He also worked with a publication organization The Initiator (Pvt) Ltd. Karachi from Sep. 87 to Aug. 88, where he complied first Political Encyclopedia of Pakistan. After a few months he joined Daily Nawa-i-Waqt Karachi on same post. He started publication of first weekly newspaper of Murree, Circle Bakote The Hill Post and Founder & Editor The Media Monitor by Research & Analysis syndicate. It was a new idea in the world of journalism, the MEDIA MONITOR provided index and clipping from 32 newspapers from all over the country according to demands of P.R. departments. It covered printed news, editorials, articles, features & photographs on more than twenty subjects. Jan. 92 to Sep 93. The Hill Post in 1988. He returned Islamabad in 1990 and Joined Weekly Musalman (now Daily Musalman) on the offer of ex-federal minister and leader of newspaper seller community Tikka Khan Abbasi as editor till 1992. He than become news editor of Editor Weekly Akhbar-e-Waten London (Pakistan Office in R. Pindi) Aug 88 to July 93. He spent one year in The News Rawalpindi and than rejoined Daily Nawa-e-Waqt Islamabad. He is Founder & Editor the Media Monitor by Research & Analysis syndicate. It was a new idea in the world of journalism, the MEDIA Monitor provided index and clipping from 32 newspapers from all over the country according to demands of public relation departments. It covered printed news, editorials, articles, features & photographs on more than twenty subjects. He also injected a new form of journalism in mass communication that called Scanning Report of a newspaper. It includes comparative study of other newspapers, analysis of all contents of a newspaper and showed the technical errors related to Reporting, editing, subbing, arts section, composing, proofreading, graphics and finally printing among news missing report of reporting section. He developed this journalistic science in Islamabad, and now he is the research editor of Daily Islam in Karachi and this science is his special field. Now he is publishing Pakistan !st property business related weekly PBC Times from Karachi.

MY NATIVE HOMELAND

Circle Bakote

Circle Bakote is a cluster of Union Councils in the eastern part of Abbottabad District in the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan. Circle Bakote is located on the upper and west bank of the Jhelum River at Kohalla Bridge. The region is somewhere between 65 kilometres and 90 kilometres northwest of Islamabad. "Bakote" means the "land of forts". The Kanhar and Jehlum rivers are the two main rivers in Circle Bakote. Famous hill stations in the area are Miran Jani, Mukeshpuri, Thandiani, Pather Gali, Ayubia, Khanas Pur and Nathia Gali.Circle Bakote and surrounding areas have a rich history - going back thousands of years. Historic excavations first began under colonial rule, when researchers such as Sir John Marshal - who as part of the Archaeological Survey of India uncovered many relics in the area, studies continue to this day by scholars such as Asko Parpola and others. Historically this region was part of the Taxila Kingdom of Gandhara, [1] there are many relics in the area dating to the Vedic Age as it was en route to Moshpuri where a Vishnu temple used to be. After the arrival of Islam, the area became part of Kashmir. In 17th century a Dhond Sardar (chief), Lahr Khan, divided his territory by his brothers and finalised the borders from Manwan ni Hel to Lora on the west bank of the river Jhelum to Islamabad, the last edge of last UC Birote of Hazara Division on East-south. This line was drawn from the river Jhelum to Sulleal (Lower Birote) to Aarhi, now called Hadd at upper Birote, Kanair Kas to Sorjal, Arwarh, Thoba (Barhean), to Lora. The tribes used the jirga system to govern themselves. This partition of land was accepted by the Nalwa Singh administration of Ranjit Singh and by Major Abbott, the first commissioner of Hazara. In 1800 Maharaja Ranjit Singh attached this region to the Lahore Darbar, this area was later sold to Maharaja Gulab Singh of Kashmir under the Amritsar Agreement. During British rule, rebellion had broken out - after the failure of this revolt and as a punishment for the war of independence waged by the local Tribes, this area was first annexed to Murree in February 1859, and then became a part of the Hazara Region in November 1859, both areas being under the direct rule of Britain.

The dominant people in Circle Bakote are the Lehral Dhond Abbasi family, they battled against the Sikh rulers under the command of Pir of Plasi at Balakot in 1830, and also fought against the British in 1857 at Murree.

The musical tradition of Circle Bakote was inherited from the earlier Hindu civilisation. Music is a compulsory element of Hinduism, and when Muslim tribes entered here the music was also changed and it changed into a profession rather than a religious tradition, that adopted by special families called Mirasies. These families performed not only on wedding but on seasonal occasions as Grass Cutting ceremony (LAITRY), Roof Building of a House, (PAHCHI) Etc. The other duties of Mirasies were to distribute invitations of weddings in shape of sweets homemade items, they were also used to spy on rival tribes or tribal chief before wedding caravan (Janj).The mountains of Circle Bakote and Murree Hills were under the control of Gakhars and Dhond Abbasies and Karhrals were their sub-feudal lords since four centuries. Sikh army personal of Gulab Sing and Lahore Darbar were illiterate, greedy and very brutal against Muslim tribes of area Downfall of Music and Arts in the Sikh Era [2]. They looted and gutted their houses, slaughtered them and got rewards of Rs. five Nanakshahi per child head and Rs. 10 for adult ladies or male heads. These circumstances compelled inhabitants of area to change their names as SOLLA KHAN, PUNNU KHAN, BUNK KHAN, LALLI KHAN etc in every tribes of Kohsar.The Circle Bakote area was formerly part of the Hazara area, the Government of British India issued District Gazetteers every year in which details of population demography was published. The Circle Bakote population was not mentioned separately but the overall statistics of District Hazara and Tehsil Abbottabad are available.1869-70 : Total population was 343,929, (15,733 Dhond Abbasi and 25,231Kareals) 1881 : 383,031 1891 : 483,903 (Including the population of Thoba (Barhean) - this area was transferred to the Punjab Government in 1893.) 1901 : 528,666, current Union Councils Birote and Bakot had a total population of 2,290 total and a culivatable area of 6,024 acres - the land revenue collected by local lumberdars (village headmen) was Rs. 1,750/. There were six lumberdars with second class police station in Birote and Bakote.

In 1981 the Hazara area was divided and Abbottabad was formed as a district with two tehsils, In 1981, Abbottabad district had a population of 977,212 whilst Tehsil Abbottabad (a sub division of the district) - had an area of 1,802 square mile and a population of 667,328 including 51% of Circle Bakote. In 1990 the total population of the district was 1,425,032 including Circle Bakote 43%.Politically Hazara was a solo constituency of NWFP Legislative Assembly in 1935 to 1951, Hazara was divided into three constituencies.

Under the new administrative system - there are eight UCs of Circle Bakote. This area had been divided into 13 UCs in 1983 but some of these councils were merged in 2000, Moolia was merged into Bakote, Malkot into Palak , Chamyali into Pattan Kalan and Birote Kalan and Khurd were united. The Circle Bakote^[1] region is composed of the following union councils:

Manwan ni hell is the lowest place in UC Birote it is located on three provincial borders, - NWFP, Punjab and Azad Kashmir on the right bank of the Jhelum river. This place was of historical importance and contains relics as it was a crossing point between Kashmir andTaxila during the time of the Gandharan kingdom. Manwan ni hell was the first town of the Kethwal and Satti tribes who settled much of the current Circle Bakote and Murree Hills area before the arrival of Karhlal and Dhond Abbasi tribes six centuries ago

Birote

Birote is a town in the Circle Bakote [[2]] area of Abbottabad District in Pakistan, between the borders of Punjab and Kashmir.^[1] It has two higher secondary schools for boys, five religious schools, 75 mosques, bank, a post office, Upper Dewal Kohala Road and New Kohala Bridge. It is part of Hazara Division

Etymology

There are several theories for the origin of the word Birote, all of which are based on combinations of words in the Dhondi language.^[2] One theory holds that it is derived from beer (wrestler) and wet (place); in the past, Birote was famous for wrestling and related sports. These eventually evolved to become Bi+rote or bee+rote. Another explanation is that Birote is a combination of bee (twenty) and rote(bread).

Population

The total population of Birote is 23,000 as of the 1998 census. The main ethnic tribe of the area is Dhond Abbasi, Lahrals sub-tribes Khanals in Termuthin and Lahoor, Nakodrals in Kau and Bhan, Chingsal in Birote, Basian, Julial, Sulial, Huteri and Hotrool, Mojwals in Morha and Nakar Mojwal, The Dhond Abbasi tribe has been a feudal and ruling tribe in the area for five centuries. The founder of the Dhond tribe of Birote was Lahr Khan, who died in 1233 and is buried in Sunblanean, Termuthean.

Other tribal groups in the area include Alvi Awan [[3]], Syeds, Mughals, and Bhati Rajpoot. The Alvi Awan of Birote are Naik Mohammedal family of Birote and Taj Mohammedal, Seyeds, and Qureshies tribes are the religious and leading intellectual class. The Bati Rajputs, Mughals, Kathwals are working-class tribes.

Geography

Birote is surrounded by the areas of Bakote, Nathia Gali, Ayube Reala, and the Union Council of Dewal Sharif in Murree Tehsil. It is located on the banks of the Jhelum River. The highest place in Birote is the peak, called Samannat, of the Mukeshpuri mountain,^[3] located approximately 90 kilometres north of Islamabad. Mukeshpuri is 2800m / 9100 feet high and covered with pine trees. It is an attractive hiking place for tourists but, in winter, is extremely inhospitable due to constant snow cover. Manwan ni hell is the lowest place in Birote. It is located on the right bank of the Jhelum River,just next to Basian, at the provincial borders of the North-West Frontier Province, Punjab, and Azad Kashmir.

Infrastructure

Birote has forty primary schools, and two higher secondary schools (one for boys and the other for girls). It also has a bank, a post office, and a telephone exchange of 30,000 lines.

There are two roads that link Birote to the rest of the country; the Kashmir Highway and the Upper Dewal Kohala Road, also known as Khaqan Abbasi Road. Other roads linked with Birote are Swar Gali Bakote Road, Basian Malkote Road and Basian Bakote Road, Choorean Lower Dewal Road, Termuthean Malkote Road, and the newly-built Termuthean Lower Dewal Road.

Bus service on the Rawalpindi-Srinagar Road started in the first decade of the 20th century. The first transporter was Mohammad Amin Khan, who later founded Allied Chiraghddin Transport Company. Srinagar Rawalpindi Transport Company was also pioneered on this route.

Local Government

In 1961 the Ayub Khan administration as part its local government reforms replaced the lamberdari system with local bodies namely: Union Councils, Tehsil Councils, and district councils. As a result, the Union Council of Bakote was formed and included Bakote, Birote and Birote Khurd as its wards. According to the 1961 census the population of Bakote Union Council was 18,000 and Birote's was 10,000. In 1981, General Zia implemented a new regime and in 2000, President General Pervez Musharraf enforced a new local bodies system. The current nazim of Birote is Mohammed Afaq Abbasi.

Union Council Heads

• Sardar Mohammed Irfan was the first Union council Bakote Chairman from 1961 to 1965. He Was an influential person with a large crowd of bradrimen. He formed a committee for construction of Govt Middle School building in Merra Kahoo Sharqi. All Union Council said YES and the collect money for this noble cause from Peshawar to Karachi. Land for school gifted by Ayub Khan (Father of Mohammed Nawaz Khan Shopkeeper near School and building of school was completed within two month. District Agriculture Department sprayed and cooperated with local Apple growers and they produced world class GOLDEN AND KING AMRI APPLE on his demand Said department also constructed dams on nullas. He died in 1983 in Rawalpindi.
• Sardar Azad Khan of Basian was second chairman of Union Council Bakote/Birote. He elected in 1966 election and got vote of confidence from UC councillors. He also gained educational upgradation of Government Middle School Birote as High School in 1969. New classes were started in 1970. A shed was constructed in premise of school for technical education on his recommendations, that flew in 1972 by heavy wounds. He was a contractor and he started second bus service from Basian to Rawalpindi in 1977. He died in 1988 in Rawalpindi.
• HAJI MUHAMMAD AZAM KHAN was first chairmain of birote kalain.he belong to birote . he is engaged business in kohala and rawal pindi.he give first water supply scheme to birote. he is great and brave leader of birote. he is a great man.
• Qazi Sajawal was the last Chairman of Union Council Birote Khurd during 1981 to 85. He belonged to Mojwal Family of Mohrha Birote Khurd. He constructed a way from Mohrha to Birote Kalan but the leader of construction party was assassinated there in 1984. He is engaged in business in Karachi.
• Ghulam Irfan Khan was second chairman of united Union Council possessed office from 1985 to1988 of Birote. He worked for electrification, water supply scheme and telephonic interaction during his tenure. He got funds from District Council and constructed Hotrerhi Choke to Mohrha road first time. Najib Abbasi of Julial, Shaheen Haider Abbasi of Basian and Abd-ul-Gafoor nickname Khushi Mohammed of Kahoo were his councillors. He died in 1992 in Birote.
• Tahir Fraz Abbasi was the first Nazim of Birote during President Musharraf's term in office. He belonged to Kahoo Khanal sub-tribe. His uncle Haji Sarfraz Khan was first Accountant General of Pakistan, Nasir Fraz Abbasi DRO (NADRA) Muzaffarabad is his elder brother. The people of Union Council Birote very like to him due to his lot of services and honesty and Rawalpindi MNA Hanif Abbasi is his cousin. He practicing as a lawyer in district courts Abbottabad. Politically he if a worker of ruling party Pakistan Muslim League (Q). He constructed Choorean to Khekhran, Hell to Hotrerhi Pull Link road, Chorean Juleal Road. He lost his seat in Birote in 2005 as Nazim but he played a very constructive role in Birote politics. Among others Gulestan Abbasi (Naieb Nazim), Khushi Mohammed, Shaheda Islam Abbasi and Shamim Akhter Abbasi were in his cabinet.
• Mohammed Afaq Abbasi is the second Nazim of Birote. He is worker of Ex-Chief Minister and vice president of Pakistan Muslim League (N) NWFP Mehtab Ahmed Khan and elected due to his Dhond Abbasi sub-tribe Kamalaal majority. he belongs to a learned and educated family of Musaddiq Abbasi, a brigadier of Pakistan Army and ex-lumberdar Sardar Feroze Khan (died 1972). He not only attended the house of UC Birote monthly meeting regularly but also is also spending lots of time with UC fellows to tackle the local problems. He served the UC by putting his all efforts to help the homeless peoples of the UC after the earthquake. He also acted a very constructive role in anti Didarism Movement in Birote in his last days of as UC Head in second half of 2009. he also dvorced his betterhalf and willing to marry a vergin lady who produce his son. But under this Naizam 5 union member was those who takes Rs 5000,per house from poor people to pass their damage houses to Erra,but not involved Nazim in this case. He and his cologues completed their timeperiod in the last month of 2009. He stamped a post office created Razgar Scheme forms as a help[ of needy people.

Basian role in Kashmir independence movement

Basian had become a base camp of Jihad e Kashmir after World War II and acted a positive and constructive role in Kashmir Indepance. Famous freedom fighters of Abbasian emerged as bacon of light for Mujahedins against Dogra Raj in Kashmir. Some important events are as under: -

• 14 August 1947……..Juma tu widah (Muslim holy month Ramdan last Friday) prayers in Basian, and Yaqoob Khan emergency telegram to last Maharaja of Kashmir Hari Sing to quiet Srinagar.
• 30 August 1947…Sardar Qayoum declared as insurgent and ordered his arrest alive or dead, father in law Mir Akber Abbasi refused to any asylum to him and he crossed River Jhelum by the help of Qaem Ali Khan (Qaloo) at Nawli in Lower Birote.
• 12 September 1947…Sardar Qayoum general meeting held in Agency Ground Murree where Peoples of Basin announced every kind of co-operation with Muslim Conference in Kashmir Independence movement.
• 22 September 1947………Mujahedins under the commandership of Isab Khan first encounter with Dogra Army at Kohala Bridge and occupied Kohala Bazaar after one day struggle, 30 Dogra troops arrested by Mujahedins.
• 6 October 1947…A meeting of Mujahedins held at the residence of Haji Abdul Karin Khan Abbasi of Bunni Pandi where a Muslim Magistrate Sultan Maqsood announced for supply of ammunition to Mujahedins.
• 8 October 1947………Another meeting of Mujahedins and Sardar Qayuom held in the same place and finalized the attack plan over District Bagh. Molana Muzaffer Husain Nadvi, Pir Ali Asgher Shah, Shamshad Shah, Kabir Shah, Haji Abdul Karim Khan Abbasi (Bunni Pandi), Molana Yaqoob Alvi Birotvi, Haji Isb Khan and other people attended this meeting.
• 17 October 1947………Mujahedins attacked on the house of Gokal Chand at Helsurang, Minhasa leaded by peoples of Abbasian. A few troops killed. They also occupied Khwader Bridge on same day.
• 21 October 1947…Mujahedins attacked and accopid Muzafferabad city and killed five hundred Dogra troops.
• 9 November 1947…Mujahedin occupied Rawlakote, forwarded to Tolipir, attacked on Dogra Army at Sahr, freed 24 hostages there.
• 11 December 1947……..A deadline of attack on Srinager finalized in a secret meeting at Basian presided by Haji Abdul Karim Khan Abbasi of Bunni Pandi (Head of Anwal Brotheri).
• April, 1948………Central Command and control Room established at residence at Lower Birote Roshan Khan residence.
• Mid May, 1948……..Dogra troops hostages caravan of Kashmiri refugees on Kohala Bridge. Peoples of Abbasian kidnapped a Dogra Army Caption and hanged in center of bridge and set deadline to open bridge doors for 10 minutes against Campton life. Dogra Army fulfilled the demand immediately and five thousand refugees crossed bridge and interred in Bakote Circle and Murree Hills.

Kahoo

Kahoo is in between Birote and Termuthean, starting from Bandi in east to Nakkar Qutbal and Ram Kot in the west. Kahoo means Olive tree in local Dhondi/Kareali language. Sufi Gull Baba shrine is located in the eastern edge of Kahoo, near Ayubia forest. First lawyer from this area was Tahir Faraz Abbasi & the first Accountant General of Pakistan Mohammad Sarfraz Khan belonged to Kahoo.Muhammad Suleman Abbasi s/o Said Akbar Khan was the first graduate/M Fazil from this village,he for the very first time in the history started a School In Birote Kalan at Loover.

Termuthian

Termuthian located on the boundary of NWFP, Punjab and Azad Kashmir. Termuthean means Thirty Hands Joined in local language. Former name of Termuthean was Sumbanean, where ancestor of Lahrals, sub tribe of Dhonds Sardar Lahr Khan buried.

• Some people are highly educated and work in the Middle East, Europe, USA, Australia and Canada.

In Terumuthia three primary schools.

• One middle school, a bank but not operated and canceled.
• The major sub-tribes of Dhond abbasi is Khanals and Nawabals, Lashkariyals. Others are Bukhari Sadat, Dhneayals, Gujars and Awans.

Basian

Basian is the end of Union Council Birote towards northern side of the Hazara Division. New Kohala Bridge, famous Pir Mohrhwi Built Knair Pull is situated in northren end of Basian too. Basian is a famous place for centuries and populated from Vedic age. Historians as Seyed Mehmood Azad, M O Alvi, Noor Alahi Abbasi and Professor Karam Haideri in modern time and as Pundit Kelhan in past say that Basian is a place where forefather of Ratnal Dhond Abbasies first freed current Union Council Birote from Karhral and laid down foundation stone of Dhondi Civilization on the left bank of River Jhelum in 14th century. He established feudalism and awarded him as a sub feudal of Gakher Dynasty. Raja Haider Zaman Keani, a Gakher Historian of modern time with the reference of Mohammed Din Foaq that at that time Jesrat Khan was ruler of Kohsar and a younger son of Rattan Khan Malik Azam Khan killed in an invasion on Multan by Jesrat Khan. Rattan Khan Sateled in Central Basian and his dead body returned to Chaman Kote on his elder brother Chanden Khan. He buried with honor as an immortal guardian of Gakhers.

Tribes and communities

There are many tribe both as Dhond Abbasi or others living and participating in local politics, commerce and development of area. The main tribes are: -

• Mojwal, sub tribe of Dhond Abbasies are the major tribe, partly migrated to Union council Bakote in 17th century, when Karhral tribe exiled to eastward of Mokeshpuri Mountain in Gallies.
• Qureshi tribe is also existed in Basian with high religious and traditional academic qualification, including Islamic Scholars, Herbal Doctors (Hakeems), journalist, drama artists.
• A few houses of Salar Zai Jadoons are situated in Central Basian. Their ancestors came from Hawailian and first sateled in Kahu East and then in Basian. Their fore fathers engaged in religious duties, teachers in British rule and now businessman and government employees.
• Alvi Awan of Birote [[4]] is Qutab Shahi Awan tribe of UC Birote. They came from Qummi Kote of Azad Kashmir before 150 years ago on the invitation of Kamlals, Abbasi tribe.
• Awans are also living in Basian and belonged to working class. Most of them are working as carpenters and mesons. Kisan Councilor Mohammed Irfan belonged to that tribe.
• Rajpoot and Kathwal tribe is in minority in this place. They are migrating to mega cities in country for better standers of life and business opportunities. Pakistan Peoples Party [[5]] worker Hafiz Rajpoot son of Hasham Din Rajpoot belonged to this ancient Indian local tribe.

Kanair

Kanair (كنير)is a nullah between Birote Kalan and Birote Khurd and running more than ten millennia. This nullah played a main role in the construction old Birote Society. Many families belonged to working class were living on the right edge of Kanair nullah. They were running water mills. A tribe called Rakheal(راخيال) or guards of Birote also lived there. Word Kanair is derived from the name of a botanical herbal plant used in Auo-vadic medicines.^[4]

Mohrha

Mohrh(موهره)a is a word means a small adjoining place of a town. Other words are used in this meanings are Hel. Mohrha is situated in central Birote Khurd that damaged by a large landslide beneath it.0.Sarwar Abbasi Naib .Nazim U/Cbirote also live in mohara. He also belong wel reputied business family .he is also member of tehsil council abbottabad. On UC head Qazi Sajawal was elected as chairman in 1992. People of Mohrha largely businessmen and settled in Rawalpindi and Karachi.

[edit] Nakkers

There are two Nakkers in Birote Khurd, on is Qutbal and other is Mojwal. Nakker means a sharpest place in hilly areas.

[edit] Nakker Qutbal

This Nakker (نكرقطبال)i s placed at south west of UC Birote, UC Malkote is in south and Khanaspure Ayoubia in west. This Nakker is on the name of Qutab Khan, a son of Rattan Khan. The population of Nakker Qutbal is more than three thousands.most of these people have left and live in pirwadhai rawalpindi after the earthquake. Micronations as Dhond Abbasi and Satties, Awans and some Kethwals are living there with hospitality and harmony. A large forest Kandaran full of herbal plants and wild life is also there. Muslim saint Gull Baba passed his last day in this forest and buried there when he breathed last.famous trader in Karachi Imteaz abbasi jamil ahmed abbasi advocate and gul rehman abbasi famous political worker belonged to Qutbal sub-tribe of this Nakker. First water mill was constructed in Nakker Qutbal in fifteenth century at Jandran ni Dheri.

[edit] Nakker Mojwal

Moj Khan (موج خان ) was an ancestor of the Mojwal sub-tribe of this Nakker, so the name is derived from this personality of old time. He was a feudal lord of time and possessed land from the peak of Mokeshpori to Kanair in east and west and from Lohwer Nulla to Hotrole Nullah as south and north. More than two thousand descendants of Moj Khan live there. Mojwals are living in Basian and central Bakote also. Other parts of Nakker Mojwal (نكر موجوال) are Hotrerhi, Moni dhari and Narhi Hoter.

[edit] Hotrole

Hotrole(هوثرول)is possessed by Birote Kalan Hajeal and Dereal sub-tribes in sixteenth century from Karhrals. Hotrole means paddy fields and cultivated for centuries but downfall of area started when a large landslide gutted half of Hotrole in 1942. Only some dozen people are living there now. All people migrated in Birote Kalan. Most populated parts of Hotrol are Sangrerhi and Narhi Hoter.

[edit] Agreement between people of Hotrole and Birote Kalan

A water supply scheme donated by a Peshawer based NGO BEST by efforts of Brgd (R) Musaddiq Abbasi completed construction from Hotrole to Birote Kalan, while ex nazim Birote Tahir Fraz Abbasi get stay order from court. This situation created very tension between Birote Kalan and Hotrole but solved. A meeting was called on 20 July 2009 in Union Council by nazim Afaq Abbasi and signed an agreement between Hotrole and Birote Kalan than construction is completed in last week of November 2009.

[edit] Bhan

Bhan (بهن ) means a pond of water, but there are no ponds near the jungle. The northmost part of UC Birote is inhabited by Nikodral sub-tribe, with some Awans and Seyed families also living there. Renowned advertising boss of Circle Bakote Kalim Abbasi belong to this area. Mostly people are transporters and drivers working in Karachi. Some Awan families migrated to Bhara Kahoo near Islamabad. A jeepable link road was constructed in Mehtab era. Population of Bhan is one thousand and five hundred only. Other part of area is Chlotean and very beautiful.

Education

Birote is a relatively well educated Union Council with a population of 30,000, it has two higher secondary schools, two middle schools, 58 primary and mosque schools and more than one dozen religious institutions. The traditional religious education by the religious scholars and teachers of this area has for centuries been influenced by the older Vedic tradition. The old society of Circle Bakote was disturbed by the Sikh invasion in the first decade of the 19th century and all of the old religious families were expelled from this area. This lead to a loss of educational environment that affected the individual names of both sexes because Sikh soldiers destroyed the local human values as well as culture. This continued until the downfall of Sikh Army in Rawalpindi, Haripur and Hazara Division. The local people initially welcomed British Rule instead of Sikhashai but also fought War of Independence against them in 1857 and paid a huge loss of lives and properties.

Early educational institutes

British Government stepped forward to modernize Murree Hills and Circle Bakote according to recommendation of Major Abbott (founder of Abbottabad city and chief of Boundary Commission in 1846-62). He recommended his officials that only Zimindari school needed to provide clerks, revenue staff and lower class local servants. The Osia High School is a first educational institute that established this area in 1887. The first Vernacular Primary School established in Bakote, Khanaspore/Reala and Boi in 1898 but with the lack of interest Reala School came on the verge of closedown. Chives of Birote take serious notice of mentioned position and a caravan under the leadership of Haji Qalander Khan met educational authorities and requested to shift this school to Birote. They offered to provide buildings and teachers accommodation free of cost. This request of Birotians accepted and Reala Vernacular Primary School shifted to Birote in March 1903, the first teacher was Molana Ismail Alvi, first student was Nazar Mohammed Khan (Fader of Raja Haiderzaman) and first class four was Abdul Karim Khan in building of late Bulaqi Khan (Grand grand father of ex General Councilor Khushi Mohammed Abbasi of Kahoo Sharqi).There are private schools are schools and collages are also open in Birote such as syed ahmed shaheed academy, seda education system, minhaj-ul-quran public school had a big parts in education of birote.

Boys High School Birote

Primary school Birote was upgraded in 1958 and became Government High School ^[5] in 1971. Ex Chief Minister of NWFP Mehtab Ahmed Khan further upgraded this educational institution as Higher Secondary School in 1997 with new building that constructed by contractor Raja Haiderzaman Abbasi with cost of Rs. four million and eight thousand. This educational institution was constructed by the monetary contribution of Birotians all over the country and rest of the world in 1966 but now it is a in bad condition and not able to manage as school.

Modern education

In last decade of 18th century, Seyed Masoom Ali Shah of Juleal introduced a mobile private school in Birote and all first batch of teachers were provided by him in 1903. After his mission in eighties of previous century, Bashir Abbasi of UC Bakot established Yasin Public School in Birote first time. Saeed Ahmed Abbasi, a lawyer had founded Seyed Ahmed Shaheed Academy in Central Birote in 1984 and changed into a chain of schools. It was a milestone of modern education in Birote and it create a religio-modern and political thoughts in student's minds. A new way of learning and with modern Western syllabus introduced by SEEDA School System in 2002 in Birote and gained a high popularity among educated parents of students. The owner of this school is also a high educated fellow named Iftekhar Abbasi, an ex-employee of Seyed Ahmed Shaheed Academy and now he established two campuses with co-operation of his elder brother ,Minjah model school is also a populer institute,it is a combination of islamic and modern education.Head of Minhaj model school Muhammad Munib abbasi is educated and most popular person. Other modern institutions of Birote are Suddam Model School and Aeries Model School. Another new educational institute is Iqra Academy School the owner of this school is Anser Mehmood Abbasi school located in sehrora Birote and a religious school Jamia Ali-ul Murtaza in khohuti, northren Birote. HAMOOD KHAN ABBASI son of M.SHOAIB ABBASI is most populer person in khouti dhara birote.HE is computer eng and now a days working in SAUDI ARABI and also social worker in birote. in past Muhammad Aqib Abbasis/o asghar hussain abbasi thrown computer education in this area many boys and girls finished 0ne year diploma four months courses hardware course from sasa education school under the supervision of Muhammad Aqib Abbasi.

Religious education

There are running religious education in Birote pre history periods. In Dravidian, Arians and than Kathwal civilization, the vadic education was taught in temple as Mokeshpuri and Kohala Davi Temples. In mid of 1400 AD when Hazrat Sha Ali Hamdan came in Circle Bakote and Kathwal embraced Islam, they donated agricultural prperties in favour of Madrissas and masques. This system was continued by Dhond Abbasies when they accompanied Circle Bakote and Murree Hills from Kathwals in 1500 AD. Dhond Abbasies offered religious scho;ars very handsome packages after downfall of Gakherhs dynesty in 1800, so all religious families that existed in modern time are the memorial of that times.

Religious families

• Rishi families were dominated in Dravadians and Aryan age, while Brahmen families with temples and agriland in late vadic age.
• There was Church rule at the time of victory by Mehmood of Gazni in Kohsar.
• Culture gradually changed gradually by invasion of Muslim communities.
• Religious culture was in full swing till 14th century when Shah Ali Hamdan came and preached here.
• First mosque in Kohsar had no record but first mosque in Murree was built at Potha Shareef in 15th century and at Baglotian in Birote in 16th century.
• All previous religious families ascaped from Kohsar during Sikh diturbance in 1800-25 and all new families came here after 1830.
• Alvi Awan of Birote first religious family who invited from Qummikot, district Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir, satteled and awarded them mandate of relogio modern education since 1825. by Kamlal, sub tribe of Dhund Abbasi of Central Birote. They built second masque of Khoas Birote with trusteeship of Mehmood Khan (Bhago Khan) and his family members, where they started Quraan teaching and prayers of five time a day and seven days a week.
• First Friday Prayer was started by Hazrat Molana Pir Fakir-u-llah Bakoti Usmani in Birote in 1918.
• First religious Madrisa was started by Molana Usman Abbasi at Kahoo Sharqi in 1990.
• Two new mosques are inaugurated in Kahoo Sharqi and started Traweeh Prayers 26 August in 2009. Two new mosques are inaugurated in Kahoo Sharqi and started Traweeh Prayers. One is in Ali Abad (ex named Mounda) and second is in Bahk, near chair lift. Masques are full with Nimazies and Imams of the holy worshiped places are reciting Holy Quraan in Traweeh Prayers with religious enthusiasm. Third masque is under construction in Central Birote near Mobilink Towers by General Councilor Zoaq Akhter Abbasi and hoped to complete its construction before Eid-ul-Adha this year. Currently Nimazies are engaged in Salat on first flour of mentioned GC’s shop. The first two masques belonged to Ahl-e-Sunnat Wal Jamaat while third under construction masque is the property of Ahl-e-Hadith sect of Sunni Muslims. Besides these masques a shrine of Shia Seyed is also under construction at Termuthean, south part of UC Birote. People of Tarmuthean resisted against mentioned construction work. One is in Ali Abad (ex named Mounda) and second is in Bahk, near chair lift. Masques are full with Nimazies and Imams of the holy worshiped places are reciting Holy Quraan in Traweeh Prayers with religious enthusiasm. Third masque is under construction in Central Birote near Mobilink Towers by General Councilor Zoaq Akhter Abbasi and hoped to complete its construction before Eid-ul-Adha this year. Currently Nimazies are engaged in Salat on first flour of mentioned GC’s shop. The first two masques belonged to Ahl-e-Sunnat Wal Jamaat while third under construction masque is the property of Ahl-e-Hadith sect of Sunni Muslims. Besides these masques a shrine of Shia Seyed is also under construction at Termuthean, south part of UC Birote. People of Tarmuthean resisted against mentioned construction work.

Urdu weekly newspapers of Circle Bakot

1. Weekly Hill Post Abbottabad is a rlibe in all areas of Circle Bakote, publishing under the editorship of Mohammed Obaidullah Alvi and Ishteaq Abbasi.
2. Weekly Qumi Tashakhess Rawalpindiis second largest circulated weekly of Kohsar. Rukhtaj Abbasi of UC Phagwarhi is Chiefeditor of said weekly.

Journalists of Birote

• Ghulam Kibrea Abbasi of Kahu Sharqi, published weekly TERJUMAN Karachi in 1973.
• Mohammed Obaidullah Alvi [6] , Ishteaq Abbasi and Talib Abbasi Published Weekjly Hill Post since 1988 to 2002.
• Saeed Ahmed Abbasi and Sajid Quresh Abbasi published weekly AKHBAR E KOHSAR Karachi in 19888 and 1989.
• Fida Abbasi is Editor of Daily Kaenat Karachi and his younger brother Sajjad Abbasi is Assistant Editor of Daily Ummat Karachi.
• Shahid Abbasi is news producer of Aaj Tv network.
• Iftekhar Abbasi, Nizar Abbasi, Atique Abbasi are special correspondents of daily newspapers of Rawalpindi and Abbottabad.
• Farhat Jabeen Alvi is only and high qualified female journalist of not only Birote but also Circle Bakote(BA)

Crimes in Birote

Birote is a very peaceful area of Circle Bakote and crime rate is very low among other union councils of proposed Tehsil. Bakote Police Station receives only a few low level social complaints that solve on spot by Union Council Adjustment Body. Some historical crimes are paying reflection in modern time committed in past.

2010

• Bakote Police arrested the National Bank of Pakistan, Birote Branch contract employ Shah Jahan Abbasi and two others in last week of May, 2010 and now they released on bail. An FIR was registered by daughter in Law of Late Sofi Reaz, accused him that they removed cloths on her body and committed shameful treatment with her. Judicial inquiry is on.
• A young and married lady of Dhari, Birote has been sold by her cousin Mangu son of Musarref to a young smuggler belonged to Landi Karachi in first week of June, 2010 and arrested by Bakote Police early in the morning. He accepted his crime and under investigated in Abbottabad. A Bakote Police party is in Karachi and searching about lady and and her buyer. Some people blame that Brgd (R) Musaddiq Abbasi is favoring his cousin’s son Mangu.

2009

• A mad aunty Shamim Akhter beheaded her seven months old nice on Eid Day morning, 21 September. She was conciselss because of any brain shot a few months ago. She was tied up in room and she freed for a while but she cut throat of her milk feeding nice at once. This incident shocks every person in UC Malkot. The parents of baby have forgiven her. Shamim Akhter is now under treatment in a mental hospital in Rawelpindi.
• A guy of Kahu Sharqi, Birote Sadiq s/o Yousaf (Seetoo) angaged in court marriage with his nighbour girl in Rawalpindi but parents and close relatives of girl not accepted their decision of family making so they terrorized the couple and compel them to cancle their Nikah. Couple is standing firmly on their court marriage and rejected their plea.
• A guy of Kahu Sharqi, Birote Sadiq s/o Yousaf (Seetoo) angaged in court marriage with his neighbour girl in Rawalpindi but parents and close relatives of girl not accepted their decision of family making so they terrorized the couple and compel them to cancle their Nikah. Couple is standing firmly on their court marriage and rejected their plea.
• A laborer belonged to Azad Kashmir electrocuted in Central Birote while working on roof of under construction market of HAJI Fazaldad ABBASI near Shapal Market on Upper Dewal Kohala Road on 9 August 2009. This market was lentalized and laborers working there and when diseased hands up his hands touched the high voltage cable and died on spot. His dead body sent to his native village.
• 19 August…Religio-political and social organization of Circle Bakote show their concern over sun bath, vulgarity, nudism and anti religious and social values of area by outsider male and female youth. They issued a statement and asked owners of land both side of Kanair Pull that they forbid outsiders not to bulldoze religio-social values of area. They threatened land owners that if they failed to block these activities, people of area himself bane this shameless activities.
• 1 September…..Accused murderer of Naweed Abbasi has been arrested from Narhi Hoter, Birote Khurd by Bakot Police on next day but seven others are ascaped till now. Eye witnesses sayes that the real murdrer of Naweed Basi is Yasir Abbasi but the police not to be arrested till now. A disturbance accrued on Tuesday 1 September 2009 in Akhorhan Bazar, Northern Birote as a result a 36 year old young man Naveed son of Mohammed Naeem, a leather seller killed on spot while three others Mohammed Safiq son of Mohammed Irfan, Faheem son of Mohammed Naeem and Waseem son of Mohammed Sakeem wounded. As Bakote Police told this website that reason of murder was on payment of saley of watchman there and on Monday morning disturbance also occurred. Upper Dawel Kohala Road was suspended for an hour and Bakote Police cleared. No accused arrested yet and family of diseased says that they would take action after funeral, expected on Wednesday or Thursday. Civil Society and people belonged to every walk of like condemned this unfortunate incident. The last murdered was take place at Santhi, Northern Birote four years before when an ex-G Councilor Mohammed Husain Abbasi was killed by his nephew there. Hearing and court proceeding is on.
• 15 September….. The WAPDA officials have ordered to increase un announced and forced loadsheding in Circle Bakote especially in After and Sehri time after agitation. Before this more that three thousands people from Circle Bakote demonstrated against IESCO (WAPDA) on New Kohala Bridge on Friday, 11 September morning. They blocked Kashmir Highway and have burnt tires. They demand urgent removal of Director Operation Mr. Iqbal and a high authority Mr. Saifullah Khan from their seats. They told this website that workers of Kazmi Feeder Minhasa shut down power at peack hours of Sehri and Aftari. They said that this is only a sign reaction of the people but they will show forced reaction if WAPDA not stop her atroesities against people.
• A scam of Rs 12.5 lacs in five Governmental educational institutions in UC Biote by Head Teachers, center incharges and a EDO Luqman Abbasi of Moolia (UC Bakote). A movement is on against mentioned school Mafia by Galyat, Circle Bakote Union of Journalists, Lawars and civil society. It is worth mentioned that Sajjad Abbasi Adocate is working on a petition under law against all concerned currept people.

In Near Past

• A lady of Birotians who was married with a Mojwal of Basian and she killed by her husband. Birotians people exiled all Mojwal from Basian to Bakote in Mughal Emperor Jahangir era.
• Some ignorant Mojwals of Nakker killed a mother in late Mughal era. They called Ma Kappaiy (Killers of Mother) in modern times.
• A nose was cut down [[7]] of a lady on committed adultery in 1853 and the real brother of mentioned lady awarded six-month imprisonment.
• An educated & intelligent teacher of Basian Ali Haider Khan, father of late General Councilor Shaheen Haider Abbasi shot dead his maternal uncle Sardar Yaqoob Khan in 1956 and he awarded capital punishment and he hanged till death in 1959. Sardar Yaqoob Khan declared Mr. Haideer Abbasi a non-muslim & pasted the poster on the walls of Basian, in reaction he killed him after challenging in a open groung near Jamia Masjid of Basian.
• Ex-Councilor Husain Abbasi was murdered by his nephew in 2006 at Nawli, Lower Birote and court proceeding is on.
• A disturbance accrued on 1 September 2009 in Akhorhan Bazar, Northern Birote as a result a 36 year old young man Naveed son of Mohammed Naeem, a leather seller killed on spot while three others Mohammed Safiq son of Mohammed Irfan, Faheem son of Mohammed Naeem and Waseem son of Mohammed Sakeem wounded.

Most Educated Brothery of Birote

Ainwal Brothery is the most educated brothery of Abbasian having more than 50 master degrees including lawyers, engineers, doctors, scientist, ecnomist & etc. Sajjad AHmed Abbasi Advocate, Muhammad Shoaib Abbasi Advocate, Muhammad Imran Abbasi Advocate, Muzaffar Baig Abbasi (Scientist), Sadaqat Sohrab Abbasi (Economist), Fawad Iftikhar (Economist), Adnan Abbasi, Ammir Abbasi, Engineer,Faisal Imran is a Accounts Manager in K S A, Mohtasim Sajjad, Engineer Mubasher, Qasim Sajjab (Student IIU) & lot of others are rising stars of Abbasian.

Judicial Systems in old days

An assembly of Birotians all time established in this area called Dewan(ديوان). This assembly possessed many more authorities about social, religious, political and foreign affairs matters.

Social crime laws

Behr Mang (بهر منك ) (old name of Birote) always in a condition of peaceful atmosphere in all time of history. In Vedic Age the laws of society were according to Vedic Hindu teachings. If any body committed murder he would be a slave of murdered family and called him Pandi( باندي). A rope called Glanwi (كلانوي ) was tied in his neck and he never disobeyed them. The other form of penalty of murder was called Orha (اوره). Orha was a land that had been given by murderer party to deceased person’s family forever. The third form of penalty of murder was marriage of a young daughter or sister of killer's to deceased brother or son. These form also continue in modern time also.

Damage by earthquake

The area was affected by the 2005 Kashmir earthquake - a year after the quake an Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Authority (ERRA) team visited Birote to resurvey damaged houses damaged by earthquake and to pay relief cheques. A five-member delegation of Circle Bakote, headed by Abdul Rehman Khan Abbasi, met with federal ministers and the constituency leader, Amanullah Khan Jadoon on 23 Oct 2006, about the unavailability of earthquake relief funds.^[6]

In earthquake the most effected village was Abbasian,about 215 houses destroyed 8 people died and 15 ingured.First aid was sent by near village Ausia to the people of Abbasian at 19:30 pm same day.

Facts about Union Council Birote

• The first chairman of united Union Council Birote, Birote Khurd and Bakote was Sardar Irfan Khan during 1962 65. He and second Chairman Azad Khan of Basian were elected twice.
• General Councilor Shair Dill (Old Union Council) and Zoaq Akhter Abbasi in new UC System) elected twice.
• There was no lady councilor in Qazi Sejawal cabinet.
• Jamila Khatoon was first lady councilor from a minority Kethwal tribe elected first time in new local bodies system. Unfortunately she died during her councilor ship.
• Shahida Islam Abbasi first lady councilor who won her seat twice but in second term she lost her councillorship by sue of Shamim Akhter Abbasi, ex female teacher and lady councilor from Termuthean. Shaheda Islam Abbasi has a credit of Choorean to Sindhwari Hell Link Road Birote construction on self-aid basis.
• Fazal Rehman Abbasi, husband of Ebarat Bibi a lady councilor of UC Birote, participated in close door session of Nazim and general councilor instead of his wife.
• Union Council of Birote, Birote Khurd and Bakote was divided in 1982 and first chairman of UC Birote was Haji Muhammad Azam Khan of central Birote was elected.
• Union Council Birote was divided again in 1992 as UC Birote and UC Birote Khurd and First and last Union Chairman of Birote Khurd was Qazi Sejawal Abbasi of Mohrha. Union office was in Hotrairhi. Vice chairman was Sadiq Khan (Narhi Hoter).
• Mouhmamd Sarwar Abbsi from Mohara is the first Mumber of thasil council Abbottabad.
• A new Water Supply Scheme is now completed in Birote. This relief is provided to thirsty people of Birote by the efforts of Brgd (R) Musaddiq Abbasi, a son of soile, with cost of 5 millions. He termed it as a gift from him. UC nazim and all councilors congretulate him on the completion of this scheme.

Historical notes

• Birote was a part of Bakote until 1981 when a separate Union Council was formed.
• Birote was first mentioned in a book of a British tourist Legacy To Kashmir published in 1891 (reprint by Sang-e-Mil Publishers Lahore).
• Birote was a part of Hazara constituency in the 1936 elections when only 7 landowners cast their votes.
• This area was well known throughout the province for its golden apples, but now Rawalpindi supplies apples to the area.
• Professor Ghulam Kibria Abbasi of Kahoo was the first journalist who published weekly Tarjuman Karachi as the first news-magazine of Circle Bakote.
• Molana Abdurehman was the first Martyere of Circle Bakote who embraced martyrdom in Srinager in 1931, belonged to UC Birote.
• The first Muslim transport company was established in 1920 by Mohammad Amin Khan which was named Allied Charaghdin Transport Company running buses between Rawalpindi & Srinager.
• First Agitation against a teacher of Primary School Birote Azizurehman Qureshi of Thala was held in Basian in 1976.
• First Vadic Hakim who won publicity in South Asia was Hakim Qazi Zafir-ul-Haq Alvi Chishti (b. 1918 d.1997) and founder of Jadid Chishtea Dawakhana in Rawalpindi. He was personal physician of Ex-President of Pakistan General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq and renowned poet and writer of Pakistan Anthem Hafiz Jalindhri.^[7] He also taught in Osia ^[8] High School before 1947 and his renowned people is Brigadier Taj Abbasi.
• The first largest funeral prayer in Birote was in memoriam of Benazir Bhutto at Choorean in Kahoo Sharqi on 28 December 2007.
• First Water Supply Scheme was built by Haji Muhammad Azam Khan in 1984 with cost of Rs. 5.8 million while second scheme was donated by Brgd (R) Musaddaq Abbasi with co-operation of Peshawer based NGO The BEST and completed in November 2009.
• The first writer of Dhondi/Kareali language is Mohabbat Husain Awan of Lammian Larhan, wrote life history of Islamic prophet Muhammad ^[9] in 2006. Mr Ayaz Abbasi a civil servant presently working with ERRA discovered an old civilization in Birote. He was the person who ever in the history of Birote discovered the remains of old Behrmang civilaztion near Dana masjad and kunair kus. He laid down the foundation of civil society volunteer social work in the area. He constructed bridal path, street pavement and established a free dispensry in the area on self help basis. He helped out thousands of effects on their door step during the aerthquake 2005

The HWO is the first and last Registered welfair of uc Birote on 1998.

See also

• Abbottabad District
  
• Circle Bakote
  
• Manwan ni hell
  

References

External links

• http://www.maps.live.com/?q=birote+pakistan&FORM=BDIR
  
• http://www.thefreedictionary.com/biros
  

• Tribes of Circle Bakote

The mountainous area of Circle Bakote and Murree Hills contain many tribes. The Dhond Abbasi and Dhanyal are the largest groups, but other groups are Karlal, Satti, Kethwal, Gakhars, Awans, Syeds, Gujjars, Khakha, Bumba, Rajput, Bhati, Rehmanis, and many others. Before Islam this area was dominated by Hindu Kshatriya tribe who worshipped a goddess Kohala Devi in Dewal temple. The Kethwal, believed to be the oldest tribe in area, came from Iran 2500 years ago fought and expelled the local Dravidians and occupied the area until the invasion of the Dhonds in the mid fifteenth century - the Kethwal embraced Islam in 1094. The Dhond Abbasi tribe form a large part of the population in Circle Bakote and Murree hills. Dhond Abbasis are the forth largest group overall in the NWFP, and the largest in Hazara Division and the seventh in Punjab by population. They have their own language called Dhondi/Kereali (see also Hindko) - also known as Dhondi, and they have completely revolutionised the culture and civilisation of the area. The Dhond and Dhanyal tribe are all Sunni Muslims. The language of the tribes is sometimes called 'Dhondi/Kareali' ^[2]. They are descendants of Shah Wali Khan whose nickname was Dhond Khan and Mohazam Shah Alia Dhanni Pir. There are two major Dhond Abbasi families living in Banda Jaat. One is headed by Mirdad Khan Abbasi, and the other is headed by Allah Dad Khan Abbasi (Paharlal). Their father Noor Ahmed Abbasi migrated to Abbottabad from Banda Khair Ali Khan. However, half of their family members are still based in Banda Khair Ali Khan. Karhrals family is old tribe of Circle Bakote and migrated in mid of fourteen century, when they rebellion against Gakherhs by co-operation of Dhonds Abbasi tribe of Birote. Mojwal family of Basian had taken vacant place of Bakote by force. Karal family was not residing at Birote and out side area. A family of Karal tribe was residing at Bakot and still have property and now living at Tajwal, nathia gali, havelian, haripur, rawalpindi, basera, lora, Punjab. Karal family came from Turk. Its original tribe name is karluks. Karlal tribs are found on all places of earth. Theoldest tribe of the area, they were one of the tribes of Ancient India that battled against Alexander The Great, (known here as Sikandar-e-Azam), when he launched his invasion of Western India. Gakhars also known as Kayanis are a prominent tribe of Circle Bakote. They are of Iranian origin and according to Shahnameh written by Persian Poet Firdowsi in 1000 AD, their ancestors ruled for centuries. They have written and documented history going back to thousands of years BC. The Bhati Rajpoot tribe is influential and was known for their bravery as warriors. The new generation of this tribe now works as businessmen or serve in the Pakistan Air Force. Yaqoob Khan, a British Government contractor during the colonial era was a member of this tribe. Now a days Mohammed Hafiz is most active political person. He also participated in UC Birote election in 2004 as general councillor but not succeeded. There are Three kinds of Syeds, one is the "Meshadi" who migrated from "Rahi Lora" of District Abbottabad to Birote. The second is "Bokhari Syed" who migrated in the middle of the 19th century to Kahu Sharqi, Ali Abad (Pichbhanna) Bhan (Birote Khurd) third is "Tirmizis Syeds" who are decender of Hazart Peer Baba (bunair sheerif). Jadoons of the SalarZai sub-tribe settled in Circle Bakote from Havelian District Haripur during the 1870s and settled in Kahoo Sharqi, Basian and Osia Murree^{[citation needed]}. A few houses remain in Basian today. A famous member of the Jadoon tribe in Circle Bakote was Qazi Abd-ul-Haq Jadoon who performed the pilgrimage to Mecca on foot^. In Basian many members of the Salar Zai subtribe migrated to Rawalpindi after the 5 October 2005 earthquake tragedy. There are another tribe in all union councils of Circle Bakote named Rakheals. Most of them converted and emerged themselves in to Dhond Abbasi tribe by ignorance or demand of time. They basically belonged to Rajpoot Khashterea tribe and came in the mentioned areas in different times in history. They were worriors and guards the people of area from invaders attacks. They were armed with swords and arrows and lived on the boundaries of villages licenced by Gakherh dynesty during 1000 to 1800 AD. They migrated or emerged themselves in Dhond Abbai tribe during political and cultural disterbanc of Sikh era (1800-1845). Sikhs killed, murdered and slaughtered innocent people of Circle Bakote and Murree Hills and wone Rs. 10 (Nanak Shahi) reward from their government in Jamon (Indian held Kashmir). Dhond Abbasi along many others tribes flew to nearby mountain peaks and also changed their Muslim names into Hindu names. That cultural anarchy benefited to Rakheal tribes and they embraced Dhond Abbasi ethnical kingdom. People of area narrated that Naker Kutbal (Birote Khurd) karachi based merchant Imteaz Abbasi son of Hakam Khan is also belonged to Rakheal tribe. Word "RAKHEAL" derived from "RAKHI" and RAKHI means "to guard" or "secure" in Dhondi/Kareali Language.Dhaneal are ofsprings of Baba Dhani of Karore, 32 km north east from Pakistani capital Islamabad. As known history only one man of same tribe came in Kahoo Sharqi was the grand grand father of teacher Nisar and Hokumdad (nick name Nalkas). They are more than two dozens male members of Dhaneals of Kahoo Sharqi. Important personalaties of the tribes are late Qazi Wajahet, Abdur Rab Nishter (husband of Mrs Farrukh Bibi)etc.

Language and Literature

During the twentieth century as education spread through this hilly region, Urdu was the medium of learning. The rural culture and civilization was revolutionised and new thoughts and ideas came into being. Many Urdu newspapers and magazines as Daily Zimidar Lahore, Daily Inqilab Lahore, Wakil Amretser, Muslim Rajpoot Ludhheana, Madina Bajnore - stimulated the poetry of the hill people. Much of the poetry is oral and not written down. Muztar Abbasi (1931-2004) was a scholar from the Dhond Abbasi tribe of Murree Hills and Circle Bakote. He was a patron of the Esperanto language in Pakistan. He translated the Holy Quran and wrote a biography of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in Esperanto . Amjad But is a teacher in Murree High School who is also teach Esperanto as a tutor. Many books have been published in Murree and Circle Bakote related to local history. The historians wrote only some information but not in depth and not fulfilling the demand of anthropologists and history, containing unauthentic information from Oral histories. There have also been tribal histories books such as "TAREEKH-E-ALVI AWAN" by Muhabbat H Awan, "Tareekh-e-Gakhrhan" by Raja Haider Zaman Keani and "Tarekh-e-Sattian" by Sabir Satti which are detailed research.

 Journalists

• The first journalist of Circle Bakote was "Qazi Hadayetullah" of Union Council Bakot, who for 23 years worked for the Daily Zimidar Lahore (1932-52).

• Syed Amir Ud Din Sha Kazmi from Tauri Union Council Boi was the First Person to get Declaration copy of "Weekly Pakistan" from British Government from Abbottabad Office.

• Abd-u-Rezzaq Abbasi Mujahid of Union Council Malkot/Palak who was a correspondent for the Weekly Zamin Delhi (United India) before partition in 1947.

 Newspapers

• There are four Daily Newspapers Daily Ousaf^[3], Daily Musalman, Daily Azkar and Daily Nawa-i-Hazara published from Islamabad by the editors of Murree Hills and Circle Bakote, named Raja Mehtab Khan of UC Phagwari, Tikka Khan Abbasi (well known Akhbarfrosh leader and ex-federal minister) of UC Jhika Gali, Ilyas Abbasi of Namb Romal and Khurshid Abbasi from Bakote.

• Weekly Akhbar-e-Kohsar printed by Saeed Abbasi (now Amir of Jamat Islaami PF-45), Safi-u-Rehaman Abbasi (Osea) with co-ordination of many lawyers of Murree and Circle Bakote in 1987 from Karachi. After a short time Weekly Akhbar-e-Kohsar was take over by brothers Fida Husain Abbasi (now editor of Daily Kaenat Karachi) and Sajjad Abbasi (now deputy editor of Daily Ummat Karachi) of Birote in 1989. They published this newspaper and competed with weekly Hill Post but stopped publication in 1992 due to the murder of Fida Abbasi's brother in Birote. "Weekly Tarjuman-e-Abbasia" is a house journal of the Dhond Abbasi tribe published under the direction and supervision of Anjuman Ittehad-e-Abbasia Karachi, first published in 1995 by Safi-u-Rehaman Abbasi.
• The first newsmagazine of Circle Bakote was "Weekly Tarjaman", which was published from Karachi under the editorship of Ghulam Kibreya Abbasi of Kahoo-Sharqi Birote in 1970 till 1973.
• The first paper on Photostat eas published in Rawalpindi named "Hum-waten" Bakote by "Yari Khan Ulfat" in 1984 and second was "Monthly Zanjeer" from Birote by a group of students in 1995.
• In Phagwari a hand written newspaper Dara of four pages was published from Karachi in 1979 until 2002 by Aashik Abbasi.

Modern Journalists

• Kaleem Abbasi of Bhan Birote Khurd (graphic designer and artist, creative Director / Regional Manager of Orient Mcccan Erickson Advertising Peshawer).
• Shahid Akram Abbasi, Bureau Chief of Khabrain Group Channel 5 from Gulf & KSA.
• Aftab Abbasi of Bakote, (Arabic/English news editor of Libya TV in Tripoli).
• Naeem Abbasi of Bhan Birote Khurd, Producer and newseditor of Aaj TV Karachi).
• Sajid Quresh Abbasi , Qaiser Quraish Abbasi of Abbasiyan Chief Executive "Weekly Ahbar-e-Kohsar" From Karachi. Hannan Ali Abbasi from Bakote is the deputy Editor of the Daily Nawa-i-Hazara, Sabir Hussain Abbasi from Boi Sub Editor Sarhad News, *Naveed Akram Abbasi from Bakote (First Male Journalist from Pakistan who won Best Urdu Write-up 2006 by International Committee for Red Cross presented By Head Of Delegation ICRC in Pakistan Mr Pascal Mauchle for The Article Zinda Zammer Afrad Ko Tameer e Nu mai Shamil Kia Jaey. After the earthquake in 2005 he published in Nawa e Waqt), Best Article Writer Award Winner Pakistan Press Foundation (Presented By Fatima Surrya Bhajiya), Correspondent Daily Nawa e Waqt, Correspondent Pakistan Press International, he was also the first person elected as first General Secretary of Abbottabad Union of Journalist in first week of 2007 from Circle Bakote.

• Farhat Jabeen Alvi, is the first female journalist from Circle Bakote and is a reporter for the Daily Jinnah ^[4] and the Weekly Hill News Rawalpindi in Circle Bakote.
• Nazar Ahmad Abbasi from Berot Correspondent Daily Ausaf. Iqbal Sagher from Sialkot Union Council Patten sub Editor Daily Muhaseb Abbottabad. A new daily newspaper NAWA-I-HAZARA started her publications from Islamabad and Abbottabad at a time on 14th of August 2006 under the editorship of famous journalist M Khurshid Abbasi of Mojwal, sub-tribe of Dhond of UC Bakote & Youngist journalist of Pakistan Hanan Ali Abbasi is Deputy editor of Nawa-i-Hazara.
• Khurshid Abbasi is the first journalist in Pakistan who introduced the Inpage layout of Urdu newspaper using the inpage software for the Daily Khabrain ^[5] Islamabad in 1992. He joined Daily Ousaf Islamabad in 1998 as a senior editor where he appointed him as a bureau chief of Daily Ousaf London in 2002 and he shifted overseas. He worked with the said paper but differences with newspaper administration resulted resignation. He returned to Pakistan and then started his project on "Daily Nawa-i-Hazara" Islamabad. After nine months a UK based consulting firm offered him a challenging job, so he travelled to London again, now back in Pakistan he is publishing the prestigious daily Nawa-i-Hazara from Abbottabad, Islamabad and soon from Karachi.
• Molana Mehmood-ur-Rasheed Hadoti is a religious scholar from Hadot Murree. He publishes the Monthly Aab-E-Hayat ^[6] Lahore and Sifarish Abbasi fortnightly ASHAET-E-ISLAM from Gulahrhagali Murree on Islamic subjects.
• Shafiq Abbasi (Sub-Editor Daily Ousaf ) was from Kundan Namb Murree. Imteaz-ul-Haq the special correspondent of Daily Nawa-i-Waqt is from Murree City.

• The first press was established by Shahab Al-din Jadoon of Basian at Workshapi Mohalla Rawalpindi in 1992. A person from Bakote is also a proprietor of a press in Messy Gate Rawalpindi. Raja Mubeen Akhtar Abbasi of Reala/Malkot possessed a printing press in Islamabad. All four Daily newspaper of Murree and Circle Bakote, Daily Ausaf, Daily Azkar, Daily Musalman and Daily Nawa-i-Hazara have their own presses. Daily Nawa-i-Hazara started publication from Abbottabad and Islamabad - the office is in Islamabad, Abbottabad, Mansehara, Haripur, Havialian and other cities.prominent journalist M.Khurshid Abbasi is the owner of the Daily Nawai-i-hazara.nawae hazara is running very good at the moment.

Religious Heritage

In prehistory the people of this area were Hindus, however during the reign of King Ashoka and the spread of Buddhism, this area became a route for Buddhist scholars who travelled from Taxila Buddhist University to Kashmir via Lora, Narha, Thoba (Barhian), Nathia Gali, Moshpuri, Birote Khurd and Domail Kanair Pull on the River Jhelum.

• In the 12th century Islam arrived, when Muslim tribes such as the Dhanyal settled in Kashmir and then crossed the River Jhelum into Circle Bakote.
• The first tribe of the area who embraced Islam were the Ketwals and the Satties, originally they were Zoroastrians. Famous Muslim saints Syed Ali Hamdani and Mohazzam Shah (aka Dhanni Pir) were able to make converts - although the first Mosque in the area was not established until the 17th century.

• In the 14 century the Karhal tribe settled the area, followed by the Dhond Abbasi in the 15th century - both fought against the Ketwals and Satties and expelled them from the area. During the wars many Hindu and Buddhist temples were destroyed.

• In 17th century, a Dhond Abbasi feudal Chief Malik Soraj Khan rose to prominence. He was a religious scholar as well as a saint and a Poet of the Dhondi Language. His mother Rehmat Jan was a Satti lady. He built first Mosque in Potha (Aliote, now Alyote) seven km of north of Murree City.

• The people of Circle Bakote and Murree Hills were troubled during the early Sikh era and they fought against them in Balakot under the command of Pir of Plasi Seyed Mohammed Ali Shah, a close companion of Mujahid Leaders Syed Ahmed Shahid and Shah Ismail Shahid, grandsons of Shah Waliullah Dehlvi, but they did not succeed and were defeated and killed in Balakot.

• After this incident Seyed Mohammed Ali Shah moved to Bakot in 1832, built a mosque there and lived there until his death in 1849. He was the first religious saint but his influence was eclipsed after the arrival of Hadhrat Molana Pir Faqir-u-llah Bakoti from Pajja Shrif, Chikar (AJK). Hadhrat Molana Pir Fakir-u-llah Bakoti was a great Sufi saint who had thousands of followers. He was a well known figure of Circle Bakote. He invited people to follow the teachings of Islam. He arrived in Birote in 1870 and married into the Naik Mohammedal Alvi Awan of Birote, and a land of 12 kanals were granted to him by the Kamalal sub tribe of the Dhond Abbasi, then he travelled to Bakote because an Ahmadi Qadiani preacher taught in a mosque in Central Bakote. He beat this person and taught the people of Bakote traditional Islam.

• Hadhrat Pir Haqiqullah Bakoti - was first member of NWFP legislative assembly (M.L.A) from Circle Bakote. He was second son of Hadhrat Molana Pir Fakir-u-llah Bakoti and father of current Pir Azhar Bakoti. He was a great scholar and religious leader. He had thousands of followers in Circle Bakot, Murree, Azad Kashmir and all over Pakistan. He was educated in Deoband-India. He was a pupil of Akhoond of Swat (Molana Abdul Ghafoor of Swat, NWFP, and witnessed the Sikh Afghan War). He organized the Circle Bakote Muslims spiritually and politically by an organization named Anjuman Mujahideen at Bakote.

• Another saint who came in Circle Bakote was Gull Baba from Mansehra and died at Ramkote east of Ayubia in 1943 where his tomb now resides.
• Transport History

There have been road links between Punjab and Kashmir for thousands of years. For some 1500 years these road links have been established via Kohala, Lora, Musearhi (Murree old name) and Khwadder. Kashmiri rulers all depended on the trade link from Punjab to Kashmir. In 1350 the Turks conquered Kashmir along this route. When the Mughals appointed their governor Yousaf Ridhvi in 1587, they made contacts through Kashmir Highway via Kohala. Another route between Kabul and Srinager was established when Abdullah Khan Kabuli became ruler of Kashmir - the route was Kabul, Mansehra to Srinager via Hasan Abdal. In the second decade of 1800, Hazarawals suspended supply lines of the Sikhs as result of the bloody wars they were engaged in. Hari Sing Nalva, a Sikh General tried to open this route by bloodshed and war of Balakot but did not succeed. The only route between Kashmir and Punjab remained Upper Dewal Kohala, which they developed. Another route wasbetween Kashmir and Potohar (Land of Gakherhs) along with right bank of River Jhelum from Srinager to Mirpur, AJK. Rawalpindi (formerly Gajnipura) emerged as a socio-political as well as commerce centre of North Punjab in 1802 after the defeat of Gakherhs and the emergence of the Sikh government of the Lahore Darbar. Malka Singh as a new ruler set up Raja Bazar as a major trade centre between Punjab and Kashmir and Kohala as a centre of Raja Bazar. His successor Sardar Jewan Singh occupied all Murree Hills and Circle Bakote controlling the properties of local tribes, i.e. Dhond Abbasi, Karhral, Gakherhs and other tribes and transferred them to Hindu merchants by force. At that time these was no bridge in Kohala and travellers crossed the River Jhelum at Knair Pull or Pattan. Knair Pull is the oldest place crosspoint in the region going back. The remains of this points are also can be seen at Domail, 200 feet above the New Kohala Bridge, 100 feet above Kanair Pull Dak Bangalow and new build road from eastern part of New Kohala Bridge to Bashir Petrolepump. There were three routes in second decade of 1800 from Kabul, Rawalpindi to Kashmir. FIRST ROUTE was Hawailian, Khaira Gali, Malkot. Dewal to Khawadder crossing, second was Haripur, Lora, Danna, Gorha Gali, Kotli Sattean to Patan Dhalkot and third was Rawalpindi, Musearhi, Upper Dewal to Kohala. The resistance movement against the Sikh Authorities built forts (Kote in local language) and checkposts (Kotlies) in Dannah, Dewal, Bakote and Sahlian to maintain law and order.

Upper Dewal Kohala Road

The new construction of Upper Dewal Kohala Road started in 1836 on the orders of Gulab Singh, the Maharaja of Kashmir, where Sikhs armed troops patrolled 24 hours and fought local people ruthlessly. After the government of Ranjit Singh ended in 1845, the notorious Amritsar pact was signed among British rulers and Maharaja Gulab Singh - as a result of this all areas of Circle Bakote were aligned to Kashmir. This event compelled the local tribes to rebel, they destroyed Upper Dewal Kohala Road, delinked all bridges and had taken positions against Sikh troops. They killed more than 100 troops in Kohala [3] and hanged their dead bodies across right and left banks of River Jhelum. The agitation produced fruitful results and all regions of Circle Bakote were reunited with Punjab in same year after a few months. In 1857 local tribe's war of independent failed and British Government started development of Murree City and built Rawalpindi Murree Road. All bridges including Salgran is a masterpeice of Mistri Noor Alahi of Birote. A new friendship pact was also signed between the Dogra Raj of Kashmir and British Government of the Punjab in 1870. In 1873 the construction of the Kashmir Highway (Murree Srinagar Road) via Kohala started. The contractor was Sardar Hoshnak Singh and the bridge builder was Mistri Noor Alahi of Birote. It was completed via Aliyot, Phagwari, Lower Dewal and Lower Birote in 1885 and carts began travelling. In 1871 the first Kohala suspension bridge was built which was destroyed in the 1991 flood. Notable events are:-

• First highway link established between Rawalpindi and Kashmir and transport started.
• Trate, Company Bagh, Gora Gali, Sunny Bank, Kuldanna, Ghikagali, Lower Topa, Aliyote, Phagwarhi and Garheal Camp emerged as populated towns along Kashmir Highway.
• Kashmir Highway completed in 1901.
• Kohal Bridge washed away three times, 1890, 1902 and 1991, then the bridge was shifted to Domail in Union Council Birote.
• Parsi investor Dhanji Boy four wheel chariot service first established to Murree in 1904 and then to Srinager next year.
• Punjab Motor Transport Company established in 1907 and started service with four buses.
• The first transporter of Circle Bakote was Dewan Singh of Termuthean.
• The first Muslim transport company had established in 1920 with equal shares of contractor Amin Khan, Mehmood Shah, Ghulam Nabi Shah of Birote and many other shareholders from Rawalpindi under the banner of Allied Ghiraghdin Transport Company with two buses enroute to Rawalpindi to Srinager.
• Poet of the East Allama Iqbal first travelled to Kashmir by Kashmir Highway in 1921. He was passenger of Allied Chiragh Din driven by Molvi Ghazi of Lammian Larhan, Birote. According to Sabir Afaqi, Iqbql wrote 17 poem of his book ARMEGHN-E-HIJAZ and on poem of Jawaid Nama AANSOO-E-AFLAK during this voyage.
• Rawalpindi Murree transport Company started her bus service in 1923 between Rawalpindi and Murree.
• In 1930 Contractor Amin Khan and Raja Nazer Khan founded a new Rawalpindi Srinager Transport (SRT) Company and got a very handsome response by passengers as second company of Allied Chiragh Din. First SRT bus was Chewerlet no RI 4618 started on 23 July 1930.
• In 1935 reksha started their services on this road.
• Raja Serwer Khan of Gora Gali established third transport Company named Murree Hills Transport Company in 1943 with eight buses en-route to Kohala Rawalpindi.
• Between years of 1946-7 Rawalpindi Srinagar transport bus service suspended and eight buses of Allied Chiragh Din were seized by Dogras. New transport system first introduced when British Government built Rawalpindi Murree Road in mid of 19th century.  
•  After Pakistan came in to being, many transporters came forward and invested million of rupees in this sector both in Northern Punjab and Azad Kashmir. A half dozens transporters of Azad Kashmir run their services on Kashmir Highway but the route was on Rawalpindi to Muzaferabad, Rawalakot, Bagh, Dhirkot, Chinari and Athmuqam. Allied Chiragh Din and Srinagar Road Transport (SRT) Company purchased more used buses and restarted their operation. Murree Hills Transport Company monopoly was on Rawalpindi Kohala rout which was broke by Pindi Murree Transport Company in 1951 and started operation with 32 seater six buses. Mentioned company got rout permit of Rawalpindi Lora, Rawalpindi Ayubia and Rawalpindi Rewat on Kohala Bridal (Now Upper Dewal Kohala) Road. Demand of Upper Dewal Kohala Road construction was echoed in President House in ex-capital Karachi and in 1958 when federal Capital shifted in Islamabad, the importance of Upper Dewal Kohala Road emerged higher and higher as a permanent supply line of Pakistani armed forces in Azad Kashmir. A large landslide damaged Kashmir Highway near Aliyote in 1960 and road was closed for six months, it was a great concern for GHQ, therefore federal government called emergency meeting of Corp Commanders in Rawalpindi in last December and recommended construction work of Upper Dewal Kohala Road under supervision of Pak Army. In first phase construction work started on this road in mid of 1961 from Garheal to Rewat. The second phase completed in 1964 from Rewat to Dewal and then suspended. Pakistan Army faced many hurdles in logistic movement during 1965 war as a single road connection with AJK and the importance of Upper Dewal Kohala Road came more aggressive again as a defence linkage way for Armed Forces. Pak Army restarted road construction in 1966 on Sikh made old rout and it was completed in 1969. The first bus service started on this rout was Murree Hills Transport Company drove by Mohammed Rezaq Khan of Birote. The second Pakwatan Bus servpany Bagh, Gora Gali, Sunny Bank, Kuldanna, Ghikagali, Lower Topa, Aliyote, Phagwarhi and Garheal Camp emerged as populated towns along Kashmir Highway.
• Kohal Br10 services have been operating in morning from Moolia, Kohala, Basian and Birote to Rawalpindi and four were from Rawalpindi to Kohala and Molia. These bus operators are:-
• Razaq Khan then Nizakat Abbasi operated Murree Hills Bus Service from 1963 to 2004.
• Azad Khan of Basian operated Pir Bakoti Express from 1980 to 2003 and then sold to Hussain Abbasi of Basian and he operated it till 2006.
• Nisar Abbasi of Birote started Abbasi Coach (No RID 8699) in 1987 and ended in 2006 by his son Anwar Abbasi.
• Imteaz Abbasi started Abbasi Coach (No Rid 1230) in 1990. This was first bus that first time operated from Rawalpindi to Molia.
• All heavy passenger transport is now eliminated on Kashmir Highway and Upper Dawel Kohala Road since 2003, and coaches are running travel business. More than 200 texies are now operating only in UC Birote.

Books on Circle Bakote and Murree Hills

The earliest books published on this area were during the British Raj - The first was "MEMORENDUM ON THE NWFP" by Cap. Bonami and published from Calcutta (now Kolkata), India. Other notable books are:-

• Notes on Khaira Gali and Shangla Gali of NWFP by J E N Bide (1927)
• The origin of the Himalayas Mountain
• Notes on The elevation of Himalayan Peaks by Archibald Campbell published from Colkata (1848)
• Remarks on Himalayan Glaciation. - G.F.Cambell published from Kolkata (1877)
• Indian Frontier Policy, A historical Sketch by Sir John Miller Adye published from London (1897)
• North West Frontier Province by T Camon Plot (1930)
• NWFP and Pathan Borderland (A Survey Report) by E W Kastlave (1914)
• Year on North West Frontier of India by S J Koten from London (1868)
• Memorandum on the Produce of Himalayas Hills by L Kowan from Lahore (1860)
• Air Mapping of NW Frontier by D R Crown (1936)
• The North West Province of India by W Krikk (1897)
• A General Geographical Accounts of NWFP by M A Durrani (His MA Thesis in London University) in 1939. Mohammed Ata Raheem of the Pakistan Science Foundation (also a professor at the Quaid-e-Azam University) compiled a history of Circle Bakote and Murree Hills from 1684 to 1947. It was published in 1976.
• "AY KOH-E-MURREE" (O Murree Hills) written by Brgd. Mohammed Ismail Siddiqi, about the civilisation, culture and tribal history of Murree Hills, Circl Bakote and Galyat.
• "TAREEKH-E-HAZARA" (new edition) written by Dr. Shair Bahader Khan Panni published from Abbottabad.

First time chronology

• Nagina Afzal Reaz is the first lady candidate from Circle Bakote who applied for PF 45 in the 2008 general election. She is the daughter in law of ex-chairman of UC Birote Haji Aazam Khan and widow of Afzal Reaz. His family are called Hajial in Birote.
• Provincial politics: Hadhrat Molana Pir Haqiq-u-llah Bakoti was the first representative in NWFP Legislative assembly from Circle Bakote who won election in 1956.
• Sardar Anyat-u-Rehman Abbasi from Lora was the first Parliamentarian of Circle Bakote to receive a grant from the Ayub Khan Government - and established many primary, middle and high schools. Upper Dewal Kohala Road and Ghora Gali Lora Road were also constructed in 1964 and completed by 1968 due to his efforts. He also wanted to create a Sowar Gali to Boi Road but this did not come into being.
• Indian Assembly: Raja Irfan Qureshi son of Thekedar Amin Abbasi of Birote is a member of Indian state Haryana Assembly.
• Transport: Thekedar Amin Abbasi of Birote created the first transport company named "Allied Ncgiraghdin" in his grandfather's name. Raja Nazer of Julial, Mehmood Shah and his elder brother Ghulam Nabi Shah (father of Dr. Ilyas Shah) of Birote joined him as co-transporters with six buses enroute to Rawalpindi to Srinager from 1932 to April 1947.
• Education: Vernacular Primary School Bakote is the oldest school, it opened in 1902, the first student was "Sardar Hasan Ali Khan" of Boi, the first teacher was Syed Masoom Ali Shah (1882-1963) of Juleal Birote who taught in various places to educated people. The first batch of all government running school of Circle Bakote teachers was Masoom Shah students in 1902.
• IT, FINANCE,BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, MEDIA & OVERSEAS PAKISTANI: Shahid Akram Abbasi born in 19-11-1969 in Supply Banda Dilzak is the first person of Dhond Abbasi (Paharlaal) who wrote two Books over Computer Science for school Students during 1999. He is also first MBA Finance of his tribe from Peshawar University and also a prominent White collar Overseas Pakistani working in Gulf with Royal Family as Finance & business development Consultant. He has his own business in Gulf and Bureau Chief of Khabrain Group & News Channel Five from Gulf & KSA.He is also Exhibitions Expert in Gulf among the SAARC countries nationals.

Further reading

• Tarekh-e-Murree by Noor Alahi Abbasi
• Dastan-e-Murree by Prof. Karam Haidri
• Tarikh-e-Alvi Awan by Mohabbat Husain Awan,
• Tarikh-e-Gakhrhan by Raja Haider Zaman Keani,
• Tarikh-e-Hazara by Shair B Panni,
• Tarikh-e-Frishta by Frishta
• Kegoher Nama translated by Dr. Mohammed Baqir
• Ay Koh-e-Murree by Brg. Ismail Siddiqi
• A brief Description Galies Forest Devision By R Ahmed 1936a

External links

• http://www.bakote.com
• http://www.circlebakote.com
• http://www.circlebakote.com/gallery/index.php
• http://www.bugdo-ayubia.org

References

Birote

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Birote is a town in the Circle Bakote area of Abbottabad District in Pakistan, between the borders of Punjab and Kashmir^[1]. With two boys and higher secondary schools, five religious schools, 75 mosques, Bank, Post office, Upper Dewal Kohala Road and New Kohala Bridge, it is a very beautiful area Of Hazara Division

Etymology

There are several theories for the origin of the word Birote, all of which are based on combinations of words in the Dhondi language. ^[2] One theory holds that it is derived from beer (wrestler) and wet (place); in the past, Birote was famous for wrestling and related sports. These eventually evolved to become Bi+rote or bee+rote. Another explanation is that Birote is a combination of bee (twenty) and rote(bread).

lohar is also one of village u/c Birote

Population

The total population of Birote is 23,000 as of the 1998 census. The main ethnic tribe of the area is Dhond Abbasi, LAHRALS sub-tribes Khanals in Termuthin and Lahoor, Nakodrals in Kau and Bhan, Chingsal in Birote, Basian, Julial, Sulial, Huteri and Hotrool, Mojwals in Morha and Nakar Mojwal, The Dhond Abbasi tribe has been a feudal and ruling tribe in the area for five centuries. The founder of the Dhond tribe of Birote was Lahr Khan, who died in 1233 and is buried in Sunblanean, Termuthean. Other tribal groups in the area include Alvi Awan, Syeds, Mughals, and Bhati Rajpoot. The Alvi Awan of Birote are Naik Mohammedal family of Birote and Taj Mohammedal, Seyeds, and Qureshies tribes are the religious and leading intellectual class. The Bati Rajputs, Mughals, Kathwals are working-class tribes.

Geography

Birote is surrounded by the areas of Bakote, Nathia Gali, Ayube Reala, and the Union Council of Dewal Sharif in Murree Tehsil. It is located on the banks of the Jhelum River. The highest place in Birote is the peak, called Samannat, of the Mukeshpuri mountain, ^[3] located approximately 90 kilometres north of Islamabad. Mukeshpuri is 2800m / 9100 feet high and covered with pine trees. It is an attractive hiking place for tourists but, in winter, is extremely inhospitable due to constant snow cover. Manwan ni hell is the lowest place in Birote. It is located on the right bank of the Jhelum River, at the provincial borders of the North-West Frontier Province, Punjab, and Azad Kashmir.

Infrastructure

Birote has forty-three mosques, eight medaris, forty primary schools, and two higher secondary schools (one for boys and the other for girls). It also has a bank, post office, and a telephone exchange of 30,000 lines.

There are two roads that link to Birote: the Kashmir Highway and the Upper Dewal Kohala Road, also known as Khaqan Abbasi Road. Other roads linked with Birote are Swar Gali Bakote Road, Basia Malkote and Bakote Road, Choorean Lower Dewal Road, Termuthean Malkote Road, and the newly-built Termuthean Lower Dewal Road.

Bus service on the Rawalpindi-Srinagar Road started in the first decade of the 20th century. The first transporter was Mohammad Amin Khan, who later founded Allied Chiraghddin Transport Company. Srinagar Rawalpindi Transport Company was also pioneered on this route.

Government

In 1961 the Ayub Khan administration as part its local government reforms replaced the lamberdari system with local bodies namely: Union Councils, Tehsil Councils, and district councils. As a result, the Union Council of Bakote was formed and included Bakote, Birote and Birote Khurd as its wards. According to the 1961 census the population of Bakote Union Council was 18,000 and Birote's was 10,000. In 1981, General Zia implemented a new regime and in 2000, President General Pervez Musharraf enforced a new local bodies system. The current nazim of Birote is Mohammed Afaq Abbasi.

Union Council Heads

• Sardar Mohammed Irfan was the first Union council Bakote Chairman from 1961 to 1965. He Was an influential person with a large crowed of bradrimen. He formed a committee for construction of Govt Middle School building in Merra Kahoo Sharqi. All Union Council said YES and the collect money for this noble cause from Peshawar to Karachi. Land for school gifted by Ayub Khan (Father of Mohammed Nawaz Khan Shopkeeper near School and building of school was completed within two month. District Agriculture Department sprayed and cooperated with local Apple growers and they produced world class GOLDEN AND KING AMRI APPLE on his demand Said department also constructed dams on nullas. He died in 1983 in Rawalpindi.
• Sardar Azad Khan was second chairman of Union Council Bakote/Birote. He elected in 1966 election and got vote of confidence from UC councillors. He also gained educational upgradation of Government Middle School Birote as High School in 1969. New classes were started in 1970. A shed was constructed in premise of school for technical education on his recommendations, that flew in 1972 by heavy wounds. He was a contractor and he started second bus service from Basian to Rawalpindi in 1977. He died in 1988 in Rawalpindi. He was uncle of Zoake Akhter Abbasi (General Councillor) and father in law of Najib /abbasi, younger brother of Zafir Abbasi (Journalist of Birote).
• Haji Mohammed Azam Khan was the first Chairman of Union Council Birote that separated in first time from Bakote in 1981. He has no contributions in any field. He is only a trader and he tried to restoration of high status of Kohala after flood of 1991 but Government refused his appeal and constructed New Kohala Bridge at the last end of Union Council in north.
• Qazi Sajawal was the first and last Chairman of Union Council Birote Khurd during 1981 to 85. He belonged to Mojwal Family of Mohrha Birote Khurd. He constructed a way from Mohrha to Birote Kalan but the leader of construction party was assassinated there in 1984. He is engaged in business in Karachi.
• Ghulam Irfan Khan was second chairman of united Union Council possessed office from 1985 to1988 of Birote. He worked for electrification, water supply scheme and telephonic interaction during his tenure. He got funds from District Council and constructed Hotrerhi Choke to Mohrha road first time. Najib Abbasi of Julial, Shaheen Haider Abbasi of Basian and Abd-ul-Gafoor nickname Khushi Mohammed of Kahoo were his councillors. He died in 1992 in Birote.
• Tahir Fraz Abbasi was the first high educated Nazim of Birote during President Musharraf's term in office. He belonged to Kahoo Khanal sub-tribe and a high educated family. His uncle Haji Sarfraz Khan was first Accountant General of Pakistan, Nasir Fraz Abbasi DRO (NADRA) Muzaffarabad is his elder brother. The people of Union Council Birote very like to him due to his lot of services and honesty and Rawalpindi MNA Hanif Abbasi is his cousin. He practicing as a lawyer in district courts Abbottabad. Politically he if a worker of ruling party Pakistan Muslim League (Q). He constructed Choorean to Khekhran, Hell to Hotrerhi Pull Link road, Chorean Juleal Road. He lost his seat in Birote in 2005 as Nazim but he played a very constructive role in Birote politics. Among others Gulestan Abbasi (Naieb Nazim), Khushi Mohammed, Shaheda Islam Abbasi and Shamim Akhter Abbasi were in his cabinet.
• Mohammed Afaq Abbasi is the second Nazim of Birote. He is worker of Ex-Chief Minister and vice president of Pakistan Muslim League (N) NWFP Sardar Mehtab Ahmed Khan and elected due to his Dhond Abbasi sub-tribe Kamalaal majority. he belongs to a learned and educated family of Musaddiq Abbasi, a brigadier of Pakistan Army and ex-lumberdar Sardar Feroze Khan (died 1972). He not only attended the house of UC Birote monthly meeting regularly but also is also spedning lots of time with UC fellows to tackle the local problems. He served the UC by putting his all efforts to help the homeless peoples of the UC after the earthquake.

The Birote area is divided into two sections—Birote Kalan ("greater Birote") and Birote Khurd ("lesser Birote")—which comprise more than one dozen villages. The entire area runs from Abbasian (formerly Basian) in the north, to New Kohala Bridge in the west, to Tarmuthean in the south along the NWFP, Punjab, and AJK borders, and to the last Union Council of NWFP in the southeast part of the province.

Kahoo

Kahoo is in between Birote and Termuthean, starting from Bandi in east to Nakkar Qutbal and Ram Kot in the west. Kahoo means olive tree in local Dhondi/Kareali language. One Sufi Gull Baba shrine is located in the eastern edge of Kahoo, near Ayobia forest. The first high qualified and lawer Tahir Firaz Abbasi, First Accountant General of Pakistan Haji Sarfraz Khan,First Army Officer Col. SHERAZ ABBASI,First Project Manager in Civil Construction/Consultancy/Project Management ,Mohammad Asghar Abbasi,(mabbasi@emaar.ae) and three journalists Mohammed Obaidullah Alvi [[1]] , Fida Abbasi and Sajjad Abbasi belonged to Kahoo. The other areas of Kahoo are Choorean, Sarran, Bandi ,Khakhran,Chandalan, Barhi Barhi, Jandran ni Dahri, Naker Qutbal, Ramkote, Sindhwari Hell, Tangan, Chotay na Gand, Mesiti Nan Bagla and Lahoore.

Termuthean

Termuthean located on the boundary of NWFP, Punjab and Azad Kashmir. Termuthean means THIRTY HANDS JOINED in local language. Former name of Termuthean was SUMBLANEAN where ancestor of Lahrals, sub tribe of Dhonds Sardar Lahr Khan.

Navli

Lower Birote is also called NAVLI, means a lowest warm place.

Naker Mojwal

This place is famous for Mohyo Khan, encestor of Mojwals Dhond Abbasies. It is located at Birote Khurd.

Kanair

Kanair is a nullah between Birote Kalan and Birote Khurd and running more than ten millenia. This nullah played a main role in the construction old Birote Society. Many families belonged to working class were living on the right edge of Kanair nullah. They were running water mills. A tribe called Rakheal or guards of Birote also lived there. Word Kanair is derived from the name of a botanical herbal plant used in Auo-vadic medicines ^[4].

Mohrha

Mohrha is a word means a small adjoining place of a town. Other words are used in this meanings are Hel, as MANWAN NI HEL etc. Mohrha is situated in central Birote Khurd that damaged by a large landslide beneath it. On UC head Qazi Sajawal was elected as chairman in 1992. People of Mohrha largely businessmen and settled in Rawalpindi and Karachi.

Nakkers

There are two Nakkers in Birote Khurd, on is Qutbal and other is Mojwal. Nakker means a sharpest place in hilly areas.

Nakker Qutbal

This Nakker is placed at south west of UC Birote, UC Malkote is in south and Khanaspure Ayoubia in west. This Nakker is on the name of Qutab Khan, a son of Rattan Khan. The population of Nakker Qutbal is more than three thousands. Micronations as Dhond Abbasi and Satties, Awans and some Kethwals are living there with hospitality and harmony. A large forest Kandaran full of herbal plants and wild life is also there. Muslim saint Gull Baba passed his last day in this forest and buried there when he breathed last. Famous journalist Ishteaq Abbasi and trader in Karachi Imteaz abbasi belonged to Qutbal sub-tribe of this Nakker. First water mill was constructed in Nakker Qutbal in fiftenth century at Jandran ni Dheri.

Nakker Mojwal

Moj Khan was an ancestor of the Mojwal sub-tribe of this Nakker, so the name is derived from this personality of old time. He was a feudal lord of time and possessed land from the peak of Mokeshpori to Kanair in east and west and from Lohwer Nulla to Hotrole Nullah as south and north. More than two thousand descendants of Moj Khan live there. Mojwals are living in Basian and central Bakote also. Other parts of Nakker Mojwal are Hotrerhi, Moni dhari and Narhi Hoter.

Hotrole

Hotrole is possessed by Birote Kalan Hajeal and Dereal sub-tribes in sixteenth century from Karhrals. Hotrole means paddy fields and cultivated for centuries but downfall of area started when a large land slide gutted half of Hotrole in 1942. Only some dozen people are living there now. All people migrated in Birote Kalan. Most populated parts of Hotrol are Sangrerhi and Narhi Hoter.

 Bhan

Bhan means a pond of water, but there are no ponds near the jungle. The northmost part of UC Birote is inhabited by Nikodral sub-tribe, with some Awans and Seyed families also living there. Renowned advertizing boss of Circle Bakote Kalim Abbasi belong to this area. Mostly people are transporters and drivers working in Karachi. Some Awan families migrated to Bhara Kahoo near Islamabad. A jeepable link road was constructed in Sardar Mehtab era. Population of Bhan is one thousand and five hundred only. Other part of area is Chlotean and very beautiful.

Education

Birote is a relatively well educated Union Council with a population of 30,000, it has two higher secondary schools, two middle schools, 58 primary and mosque schools and more than one dozen religious institutions. The traditional religious education by the religious scholars and teachers of this area has for centuries been influenced by the older Vedic tradition. The old society of Circle Bakote was disturbed by the Sikh invasion in the first decade of the 19th century and all of the old religious families were expelled from this area. This lead to a loss of educational environment that affected the individual names of both sexes because Sikh soldiers destroyed the local human values as well as culture. This continued until the downfall of Sikh Army in Rawalpindi, Haripur and Hazara Division. The local people initially welcomed British Rule instead of Sikhashai but also fought War of Independence against them in 1857 and paid a huge loss of lives and properties.

Early Educational Institutes

British Government stepped forward to modernize Murree Hills and Circle Bakote according to recommendation of Major Abbott (founder of Abbottabad city and chief of Boundary Commission in 1846-62). He recommended his officials that only Zimindari school needed to provide clerks, revenue staff and lower class local servants. The Osia High School is a first educational institute that established this area in 1887. The first Vernacular Primary School established in Bakote, Khanaspore/Reala and Boi in 1898 but with the lack of interest Reala School came on the verge of closedown. Chives of Birote take serious notice of mentioned position and a caravan under the leadership of Haji Qalander Khan met educational authorities and requested to shift this school to Birote. They offered to provide buildings and teachers accommodation free of cost. This request of Birotians accepted and Reala Vernacular Primary School shifted to Birote in March 1903, the first teacher was Molana Ismail Alvi, first student was Nazar Mohammed Khan (Fader of Raja Haiderzaman) and first class four was Abdul Karim Khan in building of late Bulaqi Khan (Grand grand father of ex General Councilor Khushi Mohammed Abbasi of Kahoo Sharqi).

Boys High School Birote

Primary school Birote was upgraded in 1958 and became Government High School ^[5] in 1967. Ex Chief Minister of NWFP Sardar Mahtab Ahmad Khan further upgraded this educational institution as Higher Secondary School in 1997 with new building that constructed by contractor Raja Haiderzaman Abbasi with cost of Rs. four million and eight thousand. This educational institution was constructed by the monetary contribution of Birotians all over the country and rest of the world in 1966 but now it is a in bad condition and not able to manage as school.

Modern Education

In last decade of 18th century, Seyed Masoom Ali Shah of Juleal introduced a mobile private school in Birote and all first batch of teachers were provided by him in 1903. After his mission in eighties of previous century, Bashir Abbasi of UC Bakot established Yasin Public School in Birote first time. Saeed Ahmed Abbasi, a lawyer had founded Seyed Ahmed Shaheed Academy in Central Birote in 1984 and changed into a chain of schools. It was a milestone of modern education in Birote and it create a religio-modern and political thoughts in student's minds. A new way of learning and with modern Western syllabus introduced by SEEDA School System in 2002 in Birote and gained a high popularity among educated parents of students. The owner of this school is also a high educated fellow named Iftekhar Abbasi, an ex-employee of Seyed Ahmed Shaheed Academy and now he established two campuses with co-operation of his elder brother and a candidate of PF 45 Zulfiqar Abbasi. Other modern institutions of Birote are Suddam Model School and Aeries Model School.

Damage due to earthquake

The area was affected by the 2005 Kashmir earthquake - a year after the quake an Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Authority (ERRA) team visited Birote to resurvey damaged houses damaged by earthquake and to pay relief cheques. A five-member delegation of Circle Bakote, headed by Abdul Rehman Khan Abbasi, met with federal ministers and the constituency leader, Amanullah Khan Jadoon on 23 Oct 2006, about the unavailability of earthquake relief funds^[6].

Historical notes

See also

• Abbottabad District
• Circle Bakote
• Manwan ni hell

References

External links

• http://www.maps.live.com/?q=birote+pakistan&FORM=BDIR
• http://www.thefreedictionary.com/biros